During and after the financial crisis 2007-2011, the Viet Nam stock market, generally, has unexpected fluctuations and VNI-Index has decreased. Besides, the Viet Nam computer and electrical industry, specifically, has to re-evaluate the risk level. \nFirst, we estimate asset and equity beta of four (4) sub-industrial listed companies in Viet Nam computer and electrical industries by using a proper traditional model. We found out that the mean value of beta of total 64 firms used in this research is around 0,711, which is quite acceptable.\nSecond, through comparison among four (4) different groups, we find out that the values of beta during the period 2007-2011 of listed hardware companies vary less than those of the rest three (3) listed groups: software, electrical and comm./telecommunication firms. \nFinally, this paper provides both internal and external investors, financial institutions, companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in investments and in governance.

Antifungal activities of extracts of Gomphrena celosiodes were investigated at different concentrations on Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. Extracts from the plants were used to challenge the fungi and the rate of the growth of fungal spores and hyphae was monitored. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, glycosides, terpenes and reducing sugars. However, the petroleum ether extract showed absence of saponins, reducing sugars, terpenes, alkaloids and tannins. The methanol extract of G. celosiodes had a fungicidal effect on the selected fungal isolates at a concentration of 2000µg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (fungistatic) ranged from 2000 µg/ml to 1500 µg/ml. The results of this present investigation indicate that the study of primary metabolites and antifungal activity of this plant could be considered as a natural herbal source for treatment of some fungal diseases.

We have studied the diurnal time budget of a breeding female of the Shelduck Tadorna tadorna (focal method) in sebkhet Oulad Amara wilaya of Khenchela Algeria in 2004.\n The study shows that the main activities are: feeding, incubation and preening. Sleeping is made during the incubation period.\nThe female is often in the den except some visits to the feeding territory during the day. The mean time allocated by each activity is: 19.98 %, 75.67 % and 4.33 % for feeding, incubation and preening respectively.

The essential oil from the different parts (stems, leaves and inflorescences) of Thymus broussonetii Boiss. gathered during the spring season, in Essaouirra region, Southwest Morocco, has been extracted by steam distillation and analysed by GC and GC–MS. The identified components constituting 93.4%, 93.1% and 95.6% of the stems, leaves and inflorescences oils, respectively. The essential oil of stems parts showed a higher percentage of borneol (41.9%), thymol (23.9%) and carvacrol (10.0%), while the oil from leaves showed p-cymene (21.0%), borneol (16.5%), α-Pinene (11.8%) and thymol (11.3%). The oil from the inflorescences presented thymol (15.6%), carvacrol (15.5%), p-cymene (14.7%) and borneol (14.4%) as major constituents. Antibacterial activity of the Thymus broussonetii leaves oil were tested against eight Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by disc diffusion method. The inhibition zones (IZ) values for bacterial strains, which were sensitive to the essential oil of Thymus broussonetii leaves, were in the range of 9–40 mm.

This study includes the design and application of a job evaluation design in a Humanitarian setup in Health Sector of Pakistan. The first step was the design of a system for determining the weights of job factors from sets of paired comparison decisions by considering only a small sub-sample of jobs. This was carried out in such a way that the rank order obtained from the point rating system duplicated, as closely as possible, that derived from the analysis of overall paired comparison assessments. Then, these factor weights were used to establish a factor plan, which was used to calculate the overall total point values of the jobs, within the sample, on the basis of their job descriptions by making use of the above factor plan, and a final rank order was established according to the total point values.\n\nJob evaluation was carried out by using point method. It required identifying a set of compensable factors to determine the worth of jobs. Each factor was divided into levels or degrees which were then assigned points. The points for each factor were summed to form a total point score for each category. Categories were then grouped by total point scores and assigned to wage/salary grades so that similarly rated jobs would be placed in the same wage/salary grade. Factors of point system adopted for this study were education, experience, working conditions and job status.

This study analysed the break-even and gross margin on cassava production in Obubra Local Government Area of Cross State, Nigeria. A combination of random and purposive sampling techniques was used to obtain the data from 180 respondents of cassava farmers by the use of structured questionnaire and personal interview. Data were analyzed by the used of gross margin, profitability and break-even analysis. Result show that total average revenue of N126, 525.00 was earned for e very N94, 123.00 invested by a farmer making a gross margin of N34, 652.00 and a net profit of N 32, 402. 00. Also, the break-even income and break-even quantity were found to be N 115,736 and 156kg respectively. The gross ratio analysis revealed that for every N 1.00 invested a profit 34kobo was gained. The paper recommended that farmers should reduce the operational cost in order to increase the gross margin.

The goal of our research is to reduce the number of inspection points for cylinders and bell shapes while maintaining almost the same tolerance zone, so the time and cost is reduced. According to Cantilever Beam Theory that states the maximum deflection on the cylinder being machined using lathe machine, occurs at the free end of the cylinder. Hence the maximum dimensional error can be expected to be at the free end of the cylinder being machined. A big reduction in the number of the inspection points has been achieved. The number of sampling points has been reduced, in cylinders, by about 74.9 % with a difference in a tolerance zone of 3.7%. A big reduction, also, has been achieved in sampling bill shapes. It reached to about 66.75 % with a difference in a tolerance zone of 1.6%.\n So number of inspection points can be expected to be maximum at that region. The same thing can be said for the maximum deflection of the cutter used in cutting the bell shape. The cutter deflection will be maximum at the free end of the cutter, so maximum dimensional error can be expected at the bottom of the bell shape. Hence the sampling points are expected to be dense close to that region.

Nutritional potential of Crassocephalum crepidiodes was evaluated by proximate analysis, elemental analysis, antimicrobial and toxicological studies. The results of the proximate analysis showed that this leafy green vegetable contained 85.25% moisture, 14.86% crude fat, 15.98% crude protein, 21.58% total carbohydrate, 13.04% crude fibre, 23.71% ash and its calorific value was 284.02Kcal. Elemental analysis of the leaves in parts per million indicated that it contained appreciable levels of Zn(29.60), Cu(3.00), Fe(187.70), Mn(42.97), Na(245.33), K(395.00), Mg(23.00),Ca(209.00) and P(27.00). The composition of the anti-nutrients tannins and phytate was 11.28 and 12.18mg/100g respectively.\nThe antimicrobial activities of methanol and petroleum ether extracts of the vegetable was evaluated against Candida albicans(CA), Proteus mirabilis(PM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PSA), Bacillus cerus(BA), Bacillus subtilis(BS) and Salmonella typii(ST). The result showed the methanol extracts to be very active with activity reducing in the order PSA>BA>CA=BS>PM at 100μg/cm3; PSA>BS>PM>CA>BA at 1000μg/cm3; PSA>BS>BA=PM>CA at 10,000μg/cm3 and PM>PSA>CA>BA>BS at 100,000μg/cm3. The petroleum ether extract showed no activity against any of the organisms at 100-1,000μg/cm3, but at 10,000μg/cm3 activity was recorded against PSA, ST and PM. At 10,000μg/cm3 the petroleum ether was more active against PSA than the methanol extract at any concentration. Both the methanol and petroleum extracts were shown to be nontoxic using the shrimp toxicity test. The lethal concentrations were determined at 95% confidence interval using the Finney programme. The lethal concentrations of the two extracts were greater than 1000 units showing they were non toxic. These results reveal that the leaves contained appreciable amounts of nutrients and low levels of toxicants and had antimicrobial properties and could therefore be included in diets to supplement the daily allowance of nutrients needed by the body and can also be included in products for the skin to reduce inflammation, itching and other skin infections.

In this paper a comparison study has been made between three different layouts for manufacturing self actuating traction drive speed reducer proposed by Flugrad and Qamhiyah in 2005. The first layout represents the actual process layout used to manufacture that speed reducer by Abu Jadayil and Mohsen in 2010. The second and the third layouts are based on part assignments. The second layout was made so as to minimize the sum of voids and exceptions. Then it is modified to take into account processing times of different parts of that speed reducer. Twenty six parts and ten different manufacturing processes were used in the analysis. A third layout was made for two manufacturing cells only instead of three found as optimum in the second layout. A comparison between the second and the third layout shows that the second layout is the best layout according to minimum sum of voids and exceptions, while the third layout is the best according to maximum sum of processing times inside the formed manufacturing cells.

Jordan as one example of Middle Eastern countries suffers from the problem of workers turnover. This paper analyzed this issue numerically and by building a statistical model to find out the main reasons causing this problem as a first step towards the right solution. Data were collected from males and females in factories inside the three main industrial cities in Jordan and from factories located outside those industrial zones. Five main categories for workers turnover were studied and investigated. The salary, the working environment, the helpfulness and corporation of the management, the worker psychological state and relationships with surrounding environment, and the services provided by the employer to the employee. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the main reason for turnover in industrial cities is the salary. The effects of both salary and the residency were analyzed and studied in details. Salary is the only criterion which is better outside the industrial zones from the inside ones. Workers in factories located outside industrial cities suffer mainly from working conditions and environment, which force them to leave. Salary is a main issue especially for workers living in big cities like the Capital Amman

Mycotoxin , nutritional and biochemical studies fruits of velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense Willd) were conducted in the department of Forestry and Environment (Forest Pathology unit) and Food Science Laboratories in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology. Total aflatoxin of healthy fruitswas 3.7 -0.02, infected fruits, 3.8-0.01 and the standard 4.0-0.0.15. Moiture and toatal carbohydrate were found to be higher than infected fruits while ash ,ether,extract,protein and fibre were lower. Vitamin C, iron and magnesium were higher in infected fruits than healthy fruits. Saponins,oxalate and tannins were higher in the healthy than infected fruits while phytate was lower in healthy than infected fruits.There was no record of cyanogenic glycosides (HCH) in either healthy or infected fruits.