Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are consisting of many sensor nodes and a Sink. Some problems of WSNs are their hard management, limited resources, dynamic topology and low scalability. One significant solution against these problems is clustering. In clustering process, Cluster-Head (CH) selection is an important step, especially in clustering-based and homogenous WSNs. As a result, this paper is represented a centralized, multi-criteria and a top-down CH selection algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on the VIKOR technique; it is ranking members of each cluster based on several non-commensurable and conflicting criteria and then, selecting appropriate CH for each cluster.

Sarcocystis is a common disease all around the world. The Sarcocystis cysts are in two macroscopic and microscopic species. The former case is observed in slaughterhouse and if maximizes, the carcass must be demolished. There are three recognized species of S.bovihominis,S.bovicanis (cruzi) and S.bovifelis (hirsuta) in cattle . The bovihominis causes enteric disorder in humans that is considered very important. In the present study, the prevalence of macroscopic and microscopic cysts in cattle slaughtered in four abattoirs was investigated in Tehran. Within spring, summer, and fall the biopsy was performed and the specimens were examined through direct observation and digestion methods. Of total three thousand of slaughtered cattle, 300 were selected randomly from March to January 2007 and were inspected for presence of microscopic cysts. In addition, 20 g muscle samples were collected from each heart, diaphragm and esophagus and were treated with HCl-pepsin digestion method. Then a smear was prepared from digested muscles and stained with Giemsa. Results indicated that only one macroscopic cyst was observed in a cattle muscles and the prevalence of microscopic cyst was 97%. Regarding prevalence of microscopic cyst, no significant differences were observed between sex, breed and age of cattle as well as different organs of cattle. According to the results rate of sarcocystis prevalence is over 90% in Shahr-e Rey.

Current research includes the effects of asphalt forest roads on changes of plant covering and regeneration from asphalt forest roads edges towards its inner parts in two compartments of Nave Asalem forests located in the north of Iran. For this reason, in each side of road, 6 sample plots ( 20m × 20m) were established for measuring biodiversity. In each sample plot, ground vegetation and regeneration were assessed within nine 2 × 2 m micro plots. In total, 12 sample plots and 108 micro plots were established. Results indicated that the road positions were effective on biodiversity amounts. As, the highest amount of diversity and evenness indices were observed in road down position in comparison to road up for herb and regeneration layers. As the same result were found for herbal richness indices. Whereas road up position had the greatest value of richness indices in comparison to the other road position for regeneration layer. Also, the results showed that diversity, richness and evenness indices decreased with increasing of distance from the road side for herb and regeneration layers. This study indicated that roads can actually increase plant biodiversity, regeneration density and can provide good survival conditions for different indicator species.

Serious abdominal injury is an uncommon problem as a result of Exerciseing activities. Serious abdominal injuries resulting from Exercise are rare. However, injuries may sometimes go undiagnosed because of its relative infrequency. Because of these injuries are for the most part, internal and concealed Significant blunt abdominal injuries do not present in the same way as major orthopedic injuries, usually. The potential for misdiagnosis is significant and the consequences may be serious. Patients with abdominal pain should be taken very seriously and investigated with appropriate diagnostic equipment. Exerciseing bodies have a responsibility to address safety within a particular Exercise and to change the rules where necessary as injury patterns are identified. In this research the relationship between exercise and abdominal injuries has been discussed. So this have high important that the forces involved in an injury and the mechanism of the injury are obtained and to have much knowledge of the Exercise or activity during that the injuries were sustained.

The attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 will depend on policies that are made and how these policies affects agriculture in particular and women farmers generally. This study assesses the impact of macroeconomic environment on the staple food production efforts of women in Nigerian agriculture. Specifically, the study describes the trend in the outputs of cassava, yam and rice vis-à-vis the selected macroeconomic policy variables in the country and analyzes the effects of the selected macroeconomic policy variables on the output of these staple food crops. The results confirm that policies that enhance the capital base of the women if supported by technology friendly packages will encourage production, reduce poverty and therefore be invaluable in enhancing the attainment of the millennium development goals.