One of the limiting factors to crop production is water shortage, and improper of distribution it’s in the world especially in Iran.This research carried out in 18 fields(10-30 hectares) in Arak located in center of Iran, to determine optimum level of water consume for Barely in four stages growth (vegetative, yield formation, flowering, and ripening). Actual evapotranspiration was calculated using measured water requirement in the fields. Five levels of water requirement equal to 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 percents formed the treatments. To determine the optimum level of water requirement linear programming was used. The study showed 60 percent water requirement (40 percent deficit irrigation) has been the optimum level of irrigation for Barely in four stages of growth. Comparison between all of the treatments indicated above with normal condition (100% water requirement) shows increasing in water use efficiency. Although 40% deficit irrigation treatment lead to decrease of 38% in yield but net benefit was increasing in 11.37%. Furthermore in comparison with normal condition, 70% of water requirement increased water use efficiency as 30%.

In exploration geophysics the main and initial aim is to determine density of under-research goals which have certain density difference with the host rock. Therefore, we state a method in this paper to determine the density of bouguer plate, the so-called variogram method based on fractal geometry. This method is based on minimizing surface roughness of bouguer anomaly. The fractal dimension of surface has been used as surface roughness of bouguer anomaly. Using this method, the optimal density of Charak area insouth of Hormozgan province can be determined which is 2/7 g/c for the under-research area. This determined density has been used to correct and investigate its results about the isostasy of the studied area and results well-coincided with the geology of the area and dug exploratory holes in the text area.

In most world organizations, organizational managers and leaders try to rise and improve their organization act. One organization and its individuals act depend on many factors such as individual skills, organizational learning and innovation in that organization. Present research aims to study organizational learning role in Rasht, Guilan, Iran production companies act. Present research statistical community is 40 companies that 36 ones selected as case mass and distributed 200 ques tionnaries relative to company size and separated 150 correct and errorless questionnaires. To sample has used impossible and judicative sampling method. To analyze data has used SPSS 18 and LISREL 8.53 softwares in structural equations.Research findings indicate that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between organizationa learning and act (innovation and competition – financial and economical results).

In the assessment of Data Envelopment Analysis , it is continuously possible that several decision making units are introduced as efficient units. For more acceptable ranking it is necessary to introduce a new standard for ranking this (DMU) that intersection efficiency method is one of them . The defect of this method is that we may face with multiple answers . The present article introduce a new second purpose for ranking DMU through intersection efficiency method. Therefore , in order to obtain the optimum multiple answers , our second purpose is to reduce and decline standard deviation of data , each DMU will be ranked completely. this method will rank the considered DMUs both through egotistically& benevolently method.

The aim of the present study was examine the relationship between social desirability and self-confidence in mental health and academic achievement of sixth-grade students. The statistical population was elementary sixth-grade female students (n=900) who was studying in the Qaen city on 2014 year and the number of sample was 270. Data were collected by Social Desirability questionnaire which was made by Najarian and Sudany (2001) and Goldberg questionnaire (1972) to measure students\' mental health and well as Rosenberg questionnaire (1989) for determining the students\' self-confidence. And in this case the collected data were analyzed by using Multivariate Regression Test of independent samples and Pearson Correlation. The results showed that: social desirability had a significant role in the predicting students\' mental health, but self-confidence had no significant role in the predicting mental health. Furthermore, self-confidence and social desirability and also mental health variables, had no role in predicting academic achievement.

In the present study, ZnO thin films with different rising temperatures were prepared using the SILAR method, and structural, optical properties affected by temperature treatment were investigated. Moreover, ZnO-channel TFTs were fabricated and their electrical characteristics were evaluated at different temperatures. In this study, the effects of ethylene glycol treatment temperature on the transfer characteristics of ZnO thin film transistors (TFTs), constructed using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), were investigated. Under high-temperature solution treatments, the TFT device demonstrated the typical positive shift in threshold voltage (∆Vth). The shifting phenomenon results from lower oxygen vacancies attributable to Zn(OH)2 in the films following a rise in the treatment temperature. However, at temperatures higher than 145oC, particle mobility tends be significantly reduced due to the shedding of ZnO from the surface. As a result, the influence of treatment temperature on SILAR is an essential topic of study.

Strengthening and expanding the rural cooperatives in the agricultural sector is a driving force in the state. The present study aims to find ways of empowering members of rural cooperatives to create jobs done. The study is based on the objective. And the survey is to collect data. The population is 1,000 active members of the rural cooperative. Sample using Cochran formula, 278 were obtained. Data was collected using a questionnaire which has two parts. The first section includes some common questions and some questions about the second part of empowerment Members of entrepreneurship. We use Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient equal to 70.5% calculation. The scale is ordinal range. To determine the correlation between entrepreneurship and the creation of enabling members range in rank has become an overnight break. We used Pearson correlations to determine the rate. In this study, the factors affecting empowering members of rural cooperatives in entrepreneurship include: the independence, achievement, responsibility, foresight, commitment and loyalty, risk-taking, internal locus of control, creativity and innovation, participation in decision-making education, financial resources, authority and encouragement that have a direct and significant relationship with entrepreneurship.

To fulfill the work tasks, individuals need a set of conditions; otherwise it would be done incompletely and may accompany with probable errors.\nApplying as a mental workload technique, different situations in terms of time pressure while doing managerial tasks were designed and presented to measure the effects of time limit and personality on quality of tasks completion. As another measurement of mental workload, different physiological characteristics were also measured. The sample consisted of 21 randomly selected managers and supervisors of an industrial setting. Several tasks within a specified time pressure situations were presented in different circumstances to accomplish functional tasks. The physiological characteristics included heart rate and blood pressure which were measured once before loading the first task and also done after each row of the five tasks.\nThe results showed a significant difference between the managers\' performance in different situations in terms of mental workload. Also, as the time is more limited, and the heart rate has fluctuated while the personality trait of openness to experience had a significant effect on the process. As well, the personality characteristics of neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were able to influence on the interaction of mental workload and diastolic blood pressure found in different situations so that it compensated the time pressures.\nThe personality characteristics may compensate the pressures on the individual while doing managerial tasks. By having the knowledge of these characteristics, it would be possible to place individuals in different situations in terms of mental workload without having concern for their quality of performance or health from the standpoint of physiological variables.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of basketball training on the social development of non-athlete female university students. This is a semi empirical research using pretest and post-test design and control group and experimental group. The population of this study includes female students of Masjed Soleyman Azad University during 2008-2009.The sample study includes 100 non-athlete female students of Masjed Soleyman Azad University and they were randomly chosen and divided into two groups of experimental (n=50) and control (n=50). The experimental group, then, participated in the basketball training program designed for 8 weeks (two 90-minute sessions per week). The level of social development of both groups was evaluated using Weitzman social development questionnaire (1981) before and after performing 8 weeks of training, The questionnaire reliability was confirmed through Cronbach’s alpha (r=0.81). Independent-t statistical method and paired t-test were used for data analysis. Comparing the results of two experimental and control groups showed that after 8 weeks of Basketball training, except hope and optimism dimensions, social development, and its other dimensions had a positive significant change at the level of a≤ 0.05 in experimental group. But there was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in control group.