The purpose of this study is to asses and find out severity and prevalence of pollen allergy and how the quality of life is being effected in Islamabad & Rawalpindi due to mulberry plant. Islamabad & Rawalpindi are divided into four zones each i.e E,F,G,I sectors from Islamabad and residential areas in airport vicinity(Gulzarequied, Judicial colony and Faisal colony) ,Tenchbata ,Gulraiz and areas around Murree road (Chandichowk, satellite town). Random survey is being done in the twin cities via distributing questionnaires in twin cities.500 questionnaires were distributed,186 were returned from Islamabad and 157 from Rawalpindi. After sorting out data and contacting back people, finally 80 people were made part of study from each city. Severity & prevalence of pollen allergy, interference in daily activities and development of depression and anxiety among people of Twin cities in pollen season. To investigate that Rawalpindi is also badly suffering from import of Mulberry tree in Islamabad.The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that Rawalpindi is severely affected similar to Islamabad due to pollen caused by Paper mulberry. The research has shown severity and prevalence level of more than 80% in two cities. Up to 40% of people reported that their daily life activities were highly effected. High depression level was observed in 60% of people in Islamabad and 56% in Rawalpindi with high incidence rates thus leading to alarming situation in twin cities.

Observability and reliability of power system by using minimal set of phasor measurement units (PMUs) is one of the most important issues. In fact PMUs are more essential equipment for monitoring of power systems. Minimal numbers of PMUs are considered so that many approaches such as mathematical programing and evolutionary algorithms are proposed to solve the problem of PMU placement. In this paper a new method for optimal placement of PMUs based on integer linear programming to complete power system observablity is proposed. To show the effect of the proposed method, the performance of IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus and IEEE 118-bus in comparison to other methods is evaluated. The simulations show that the proposed method has the best result in finding the minimum number of PMUs to compare with other methods

Today, vitality and happiness are the missing links in urban life. This fact is especially more important in residential complexes. In this regard, taking into account only the quantitative aspects of organizing the space as well as having a one-dimensional look to it have decreased quality of most of public spaces in the residentialcomplexes. Social vitality in today’s society is one of the needs and necessities and lacking it in the community results in many problems. This research investigates the relationship between environmental qualities and vitality of residential complexes in Tehran, aiming at the creation of public spaces in which people have active participation in various activities. The vitality factors of the residents of AtisazShahindezhresidential complex of Tehran were identified and then classified using questionnaire, interview and field observations and then, factors required for the design of vital residential complex were identified. Afterwards, the collected data were analyzed and based on the results of the analysis a new plan for designing the residential complex with an approach to enhancing the vitality of the residents was proposed. In this study, the sample size was 167. To determine the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach’salpha coefficient was used. The research’s methodology is descriptive-analytical and the collected data were described and analyzed using questionnaire, SPSS and statistical techniques such as frequency distribution, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. To answer the research’s questions, six hypotheses were presented. The results of this study indicated a correlation between residents’ freshness and vitality from one hand and mixed land uses, diversity of users, e.g. women, children, the elderly, and so on, diversity of materials, forms and colors, diversity of behavioral settings, green spaces and physical permeability from the other hand.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for some infections difficult to treat in humans. Antibiotic resistance is the ability of microorganisms to resist the effects of antibiotic. MRSA is a strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to a large group of antibiotics by its definition. We studied in the Archeometry and Biotechnology Laboratory of Science Faculty in Selcuk University. In this study, the samples were taken from cultured nosocomial infections of 233 hospital staff and 477 hospital patients (total 710) in the Medical School Hospital of Selcuk University. We collected 2 Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) samples from hospital patients and 40 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) samples from hospital patients and staff (36 hospital patients 7.5%, 4 hospital staff 1.7%) for this research. We looked into present of mecA-1, mecA-2, PVL-1, PVL-2, and PVL-3 genes in each samples by PCR methods. mecA-1 and mecA-2 gene loci or band patterns in 40 MRSA samples was amplified by PCR. These genes were not observed in 2 MSSA. PVL-1 gene was observed in 22 MRSA, PVL-2 gene was observed in 25 MRSA, PVL-3 gen was observed in 33 MRSA. PVL gene region was not observed in 2 MSSA strains. Molecular findings were verified the microbiologic results in the research. The mutation was not determined in MRSA originated from hospital patients and staff. We repeated all of molecular workings at least three times for each bacteria strain in this study.

150 km long, the ancestral canal of Oued Righ evacuates water leachates into the Chott Melghir that includes 50 oases. Since the eighties, the excess water caused by discharges of urban sewage and drainage water, combined with overexploitation and use of deep water tables caused a huge problem, which is the upwelling of groundwater, which led to an imbalance in the valley . Several sections of the canal are thereby polluted, in fact the water quality of the collecting canal of the valley are of poor quality and their salt content can exceed 7 g/l of dry residue, combined with the presence of a water table near the soil surface, is one of main cause of soil sterilization of several agricultural areas, including the adjacent palm groves. To observe the alarming state of some palm groves, we paid visits during the years 2009 and 2010 in the oasis of Oued Righ Valley. The physico-chemical analysis , have shown that the quality of these waters is degraded enough, of very high salinity (class C5), with electrical conductivity up to 26.30 ms/cm, an SAR> 28 (S4 class), a value of TDS of up to 21 g/l in the channel. Thus, canal water is mostly of very poor quality, charged with mineral salts, it is a brackish water of the sodium chloride facies, pollution is most felt in the channel upstream of station Kardeche, and decreases in the downstream at Touggourt.

In order to study of determination of critical levels of micronutrients in soil and leaf of wheat with analysis by using of Cate- Nelson method in Qazvin, Iran carried out to measure chemical properties of soil a composed sample that it was choose sample from at 0-30 cm depth. The experiment had 2 treatments. First treatment was check block and second treatment was consideration block. Amount and time of application of fertilizer in check block was in conformity with natural field and in treatment block was in conformity with was soil test. After steps implementation of implant in order to determine availability element by plant that sample of leaf preparing wheat. In time of implant product selective pilot to divide of field is observed and performance of product had determined. In finally for reach to goals determining statistic software, comparison of average, multi variable regression, regression coefficient and factor correlation had studied. Then operation harvesting wheat grain and straw yield determined. Critical levels of in soil by using method of Cate-Nelson for Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and B were 4.8, 0.75, 11.5, 1.1, 2 mg/kg soil, respectively.